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In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, for distribution or backup purposes. The name is derived from "tape archive", as it was originally developed to write data to sequential I/O devices with no file system of their own, such as devices that use magnetic tape.
The "tarball" format combines tar archives with a file-based compression scheme (usually gzip). Commonly used for source and binary distribution on Unix-like platforms, widely available elsewhere. Xarchiver supports the .tar.zst Archive/Compression format on Unix-like platforms. .uc .uc0 .uc2 .ucn .ur2 .ue2 UltraCompressor II DOS: DOS
gzip is a file format and a software application used for file compression and decompression.The program was created by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler as a free software replacement for the compress program used in early Unix systems, and intended for use by GNU (from which the "g" of gzip is derived).
A tar.gz is created by joining the files in tar and then compressing with gzip. In computing, solid compression is a method for data compression of multiple files, wherein all the uncompressed files are concatenated and treated as a single data block. Such an archive is called a solid archive.
pax is an archiving utility available for various operating systems and defined since 1995. [1] Rather than sort out the incompatible options that have crept up between tar and cpio, along with their implementations across various versions of Unix, the IEEE designed a new archive utility pax that could support various archive formats with useful options from both archivers.
tar.z compressed file (often tar zip) using Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithm 1F A0 ␟⍽ 0 z tar.z Compressed file (often tar zip) using LZH algorithm 2D 68 6C 30 2D-lh0-2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman archive file Method 0 (No compression) 2D 68 6C 35 2D-lh5-2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman archive file Method 5 (8 KiB sliding window) 42 41 43 4B 4D 49 4B 45 44 ...
The operating systems the archivers can run on without emulation or compatibility layer. Ubuntu's own GUI Archive manager, for example, can open and create many archive formats (including Rar archives) even to the extent of splitting into parts and encryption and ability to be read by the native program.
There are also programs that create self-extracting archives on Unix as shell scripts, which utilize programs like tar and gzip (which must be present in the destination system). [citation needed] Others (like 7-Zip or RAR) can create self-extracting archives as regular executables in ELF format.