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  2. Work (thermodynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(thermodynamics)

    Thermodynamic work is one of the principal kinds of process by which a thermodynamic system can interact with and transfer energy to its surroundings. This results in externally measurable macroscopic forces on the system's surroundings, which can cause mechanical work, to lift a weight, for example, [1] or cause changes in electromagnetic, [2] [3] [4] or gravitational [5] variables.

  3. Isobaric process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isobaric_process

    In thermodynamics, an isobaric process is a type of thermodynamic process in which the pressure of the system stays constant: ΔP = 0. The heat transferred to the system does work, but also changes the internal energy (U) of the system. This article uses the physics sign convention for work, where positive work is work done by the system.

  4. Catalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalysis

    An illustrative example is the effect of catalysts to speed the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen: . 2 H 2 O 2 → 2 H 2 O + O 2. This reaction proceeds because the reaction products are more stable than the starting compound, but this decomposition is so slow that hydrogen peroxide solutions are commercially available.

  5. Process analytical chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_analytical_chemistry

    Process analytical chemistry (PAC) is the application of analytical chemistry with specialized techniques, algorithms, and sampling equipment for solving problems related to chemical processes. It is a specialized form of analytical chemistry used for process manufacturing similar to process analytical technology (PAT) used in the ...

  6. Chemical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction

    A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. [1] When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an energy change as new products are generated.

  7. Job plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_plot

    Within chemistry, a Job plot, otherwise known as the method of continuous variation or Job's method, is a method used in analytical chemistry to determine the stoichiometry of a binding event. The method is named after Paul Job and is also used in instrumental analysis and advanced chemical equilibrium texts and research articles.

  8. FBI seizes websites that North Koreans allegedly used to ...

    www.aol.com/fbi-seizes-websites-north-koreans...

    The FBI has seized multiple websites that North Korean operatives used to impersonate legitimate US and Indian businesses in a likely effort to raise money for the nuclear armed-North Korean ...

  9. Wacker process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wacker_process

    The Wacker process or the Hoechst-Wacker process (named after the chemical companies of the same name) refers to the oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde in the presence of palladium(II) chloride and copper(II) chloride as the catalyst. [1]