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Aesthetics (also spelled esthetics) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of beauty and the nature of taste and, in a broad sense, incorporates the philosophy of art. [1] Aesthetics examines the philosophy of aesthetic value, which is determined by critical judgments of artistic taste; [ 2 ] thus, the function of aesthetics is ...
[2] [3] But the terms form and content can be applied not only to art: every meaningful text has its inherent form, hence form and content appear in very diverse applications of human thought: from fine arts to even mathematics and natural sciences. Even more, the distinction between these terms' meanings in different domains of application ...
The element of value is compatible with the term luminosity, and can be "measured in various units designating electromagnetic radiation". [6] The difference in values is often called contrast, and references the lightest (white) and darkest (black) tones of a work of art, with an infinite number of grey variants in between. [6]
There are a few significant continuities between the Pre-Raphaelite philosophy and that of the Aesthetes: Dedication to the idea of 'Art for Art's Sake'; admiration of, and constant striving for, beauty; escapism through visual and literary arts; craftsmanship that is both careful and self-conscious; mutual interest in merging the arts of ...
Islamic art frequently adopts secular elements and elements that are frowned upon, if not forbidden, by some Islamic theologians. [26] Although the often cited opposition in Islam to the depiction of human and animal forms holds true for religious art and architecture, in the secular sphere, such representations have flourished in nearly all ...
An example of this usage is the 1687 book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Isaac Newton. This book referred to natural philosophy in its title, but it is today considered a book of physics. [9] The meaning of philosophy changed toward the end of the modern period when it acquired the more narrow meaning common today. In this new ...
In painting, formalism emphasizes compositional elements such as color, line, shape, texture, and other perceptual aspects rather than content, meaning, or the historical and social context. At its extreme, formalism in art history posits that everything necessary to comprehending a work of art is contained within the work of art.
Art criticism is the discussion or evaluation of art. [78] [79] [80] Art critics usually criticize art in the context of aesthetics or the theory of beauty. [79] [80] A goal of art criticism is the pursuit of a rational basis for art appreciation [78] [79] [80] but it is questionable whether such criticism can transcend prevailing ...