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Polymorphism can be distinguished by when the implementation is selected: statically (at compile time) or dynamically (at run time, typically via a virtual function). This is known respectively as static dispatch and dynamic dispatch, and the corresponding forms of polymorphism are accordingly called static polymorphism and dynamic polymorphism.
An example of a botanical genetic polymorphism is heterostyly, in which flowers occur in different forms with different arrangements of the pistils and the stamens. The system is called heteromorphic self-incompatibility , and the general 'strategy' of stamens separated from pistils is known as herkogamy .
Polymorphism (computer science), the ability in programming to present the same programming interface for differing underlying forms; Ad hoc polymorphism, applying polymorphic functions to arguments of different types; Parametric polymorphism, abstracts types, so that multiple can be used with a single implementation
Impredicative polymorphism (also called first-class polymorphism) is the most powerful form of parametric polymorphism. [1]: 340 In formal logic, a definition is said to be impredicative if it is self-referential; in type theory, it refers to the ability for a type to be in the domain of a quantifier it contains. This allows the instantiation ...
The C++ examples in this section demonstrate the principle of using composition and interfaces to achieve code reuse and polymorphism. Due to the C++ language not having a dedicated keyword to declare interfaces, the following C++ example uses inheritance from a pure abstract base class.
Polymorphism is common in nature; it is related to biodiversity, genetic variation, and adaptation. Polymorphism usually functions to retain a variety of forms in a population living in a varied environment. [3]: 126 The most common example is sexual dimorphism, which occurs in many organisms.
For example, the use of the << operator in C++ a << b shifts the bits in the variable a left by b bits if a and b are of an integer type, but if a is an output stream then the above code will attempt to write a b to the stream.
Thought dates = new Advice (); // Polymorphism dates. message (); // Prints "Warning: Dates in calendar are closer than they appear." When a subclass contains a method that overrides a method of the superclass, then that (superclass's) overridden method can be explicitly invoked from within a subclass's method by using the keyword super . [ 3 ] (