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Antiarrhythmic agents, also known as cardiac dysrhythmia medications, are a class of drugs that are used to suppress abnormally fast rhythms (tachycardias), such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia. Many attempts have been made to classify antiarrhythmic agents.
A normal resting heart rate is 60 to 100 beats per minute. A resting heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute is defined as a tachycardia. During an episode of SVT, the heart beats about 150 to 220 times per minute. [9] Specific treatment depends on the type of SVT [5] and can include medications, medical procedures, or surgery. [5]
Flecainide is a medication used to prevent and treat abnormally fast heart rates. [1] This includes ventricular and supraventricular tachycardias. [1] Its use is only recommended in those with dangerous arrhythmias or when significant symptoms cannot be managed with other treatments. [1]
Medications such as anticoagulants or nitrates administered through an IV. Coronary angioplasty surgery. Stent procedure. Coronary artery bypass surgery. Heart transplant. Radiofrequency ablation.
The following are medications commonly prescribed cardiac pharmaceutical agents. The specificity of the following medications is highly variable, and often are not particularly specific to a given class. As such, they are listed as are commonly accepted.
The medications that most commonly cause first-degree heart block are those that increase the refractory time of the AV node, thereby slowing AV conduction. These include calcium channel blockers , beta-blockers , cardiac glycosides , and anything that increases cholinergic activity such as cholinesterase inhibitors .
AV nodal reentrant tachycardia is the most common regular supraventricular tachycardia. It is more common in women than men (approximately 75% of cases occur in females). The main symptom is palpitations. Treatment may be with specific physical maneuvers, medications, or, rarely, synchronized cardioversion.
Treatment requires identifying and removing any causative medications and correcting any underlying electrolyte abnormalities. [7] While TdP often self-resolves, cardioversion may be indicated if patients become hemodynamically unstable, as evidenced by signs such as hypotension, altered mental status, chest pain, or heart failure. [ 7 ]