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Volcanoes are usually mountains (sometimes islands, lakes, plateaus, calderas, seamounts or lava domes) that are formed when magma (liquid rock) wells up from inside the Earth. There are also analogous formations away from the Earth. Many volcanoes are categorized both as volcanoes and other landforms, such as mountains (if qualified).
Augustine Volcano (Alaska) during its eruptive phase on January 24, 2006. A volcano is commonly defined as a vent or fissure in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
Volcanic eruptions that rated 5 on the volcanic explosivity index. Such eruptions release a tephra volume of at least 1 km 3 (0.24 cu mi) with immediate exceptional effects on the surrounding area. For smaller volcanic eruptions that have produced at least 0.1 km 3 (0.024 cu mi) of tephra at a time, see Category:VEI-4 eruptions.
Nevado Sajama ([neˈβaðo saˈxama]; Aymara: Chak Xaña) is an extinct volcano and the highest peak in Bolivia. The mountain is located in Sajama Province, in Oruro Department. It is situated in Sajama National Park and is a composite volcano consisting of a stratovolcano on top of several lava domes.
In his exploration of active volcanoes in Vanuatu, Indonesia (Mount Sinabung and Mount Merapi), Ethiopia , Iceland, and North Korea (Paektu Mountain), Herzog is led by volcanologist Clive Oppenheimer, who hopes to minimize destructive impact of volcanoes through his work. The primary goal of Herzog's quest is to get a better idea of our origins ...
Hotspot volcanoes are considered to have a fundamentally different origin from island arc volcanoes. The latter form over subduction zones, at converging plate boundaries. When one oceanic plate meets another, the denser plate is forced downward into a deep ocean trench.
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Volcanoes that have produced explosive VEI-5 eruptions. Such eruptions release a tephra volume of at least 1 km 3 (0.24 cu mi) with immediate exceptional effects on the surrounding area. For smaller volcanoes that have erupted at least 0.1 km 3 (0.024 cu mi) of tephra at a time, see Category:VEI-4 volcanoes.