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Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) is a synthetic form of the normal human hormone arginine vasopressin (the antidiuretic hormone, or ADH), a peptide containing nine amino acids. Compared to vasopressin, desmopressin's first amino acid has been deaminated , and the arginine at the eighth position is in the dextro rather than the ...
The most prominent vasopressin analogues include desmopressin (dDAVP), terlipressin, and selepressin, each with distinct pharmacological profiles and clinical uses. Desmopressin, a V2 receptor agonist, is primarily used for treating diabetes insipidus and certain bleeding disorders. [3]
If desmopressin reduces urine output and increases urine osmolarity, the hypothalamic production of ADH is deficient, and the kidney responds normally to exogenous vasopressin (desmopressin). If the DI is due to kidney pathology, desmopressin does not change either urine output or osmolarity (since the endogenous vasopressin levels are already ...
Vasopressin agonists are used therapeutically in various conditions, and its long-acting synthetic analogue desmopressin is used in conditions featuring low vasopressin secretion, as well as for control of bleeding (in some forms of von Willebrand disease and in mild haemophilia A) and in extreme cases of bedwetting by children.
Vasopressin agonists are used therapeutically in various conditions, and its long-acting synthetic analogue desmopressin is used in conditions featuring low vasopressin secretion, as well as for control of bleeding (in some forms of von Willebrand disease and in mild haemophilia A) and in extreme cases of bedwetting by children.
Central diabetes insipidus, recently renamed arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), [1] is a form of diabetes insipidus that is due to a lack of vasopressin (ADH) production in the brain. Vasopressin acts to increase the volume of blood (intravascularly), and decrease the volume of urine produced.
Sometimes measuring blood levels of ADH (a synonym for vasopressin) during this test is also necessary. [citation needed] If there is no change in the water loss despite fluid deprivation, desmopressin may be administered to distinguish between the two types of diabetes insipidus which are central & nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Antidiuretics reduce urine volume, particularly in diabetes insipidus (DI), which is one of their main indications. The antidiuretic hormone class includes vasopressin (ADH), argipressin, desmopressin, lypressin, ornipressin, oxytocin, and terlipressin. Miscellaneous others include chlorpropamide and carbamazepine.