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In mathematics, the definite integral ()is the area of the region in the xy-plane bounded by the graph of f, the x-axis, and the lines x = a and x = b, such that area above the x-axis adds to the total, and that below the x-axis subtracts from the total.
Download QR code; Print/export ... In all formulas the constant a is assumed to be nonzero, and C denotes the constant of integration.
The integration formula for double integrals may be generalized to any multiple integral. In all cases, there is a parameter value n ∗ {\textstyle n^{\ast }} or array of parameter values N ∗ {\textstyle N^{\ast }} that solves one or more linear equations derived from the exponent terms of the integrand's series expansion.
Integration is the basic operation in integral calculus.While differentiation has straightforward rules by which the derivative of a complicated function can be found by differentiating its simpler component functions, integration does not, so tables of known integrals are often useful.
Abramowitz, Milton; Stegun, Irene A., eds. (1972). "Chapter 3". Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables.
The resulting integrands are of the same form as the original integrand, so these reduction formulas can be repeatedly applied to drive the exponents m and p toward 0. These reduction formulas can be used for integrands having integer and/or fractional exponents.
The last expression is the logarithmic mean. = ( >) = (>) (the Gaussian integral) = (>) = (, >) (+) = (>)(+ +) = (>)= (>) (see Integral of a Gaussian function
Milton Abramowitz and Irene A. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables, 1964. A few integrals are listed on page 69 . v