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In the theory and practice of music, a fifth interval is an ordered pair of notes that are separated by an interval of 6–8 semitones. There are three types of fifth intervals, namely perfect fifths (7 semitones), diminished fifth (6 semitones), and; augmented fifth (8 semitones).
So-called hidden consecutives, also called direct or covered octaves or fifths, [11] [nb 3] occur when two independent parts approach a single perfect fifth or octave by similar motion instead of oblique or contrary motion. A single fifth or octave approached this way is sometimes called an exposed fifth or exposed octave.
The perfect fifth may be derived from the harmonic series as the interval between the second and third harmonics. In a diatonic scale, the dominant note is a perfect fifth above the tonic note. The perfect fifth is more consonant, or stable, than any other interval except the unison and the octave.
A Pythagorean comma is the difference between twelve justly tuned perfect fifths and seven octaves. It is expressed by the frequency ratio 531441:524288 (23.5 cents). A syntonic comma is the difference between four justly tuned perfect fifths and two octaves plus a major third. It is expressed by the ratio 81:80 (21.5 cents).
A tone caused by a vibration twice the frequency of another (the ratio of 1:2) forms the natural sounding octave. A tone caused by a vibration three times the frequency of another (the ratio of 1:3) forms the natural sounding perfect twelfth, or perfect fifth (ratio of 2:3) when octave-reduced.
All-fifths tuning. Among guitar tunings, all-fifths tuning refers to the set of tunings in which each interval between consecutive open strings is a perfect fifth. All-fifths tuning is also called fifths, perfect fifths, or mandoguitar. [1] The conventional "standard tuning" consists of perfect fourths and a single major third between the g and ...
In music theory, the circle of fifths (sometimes also cycle of fifths) is a way of organizing pitches as a sequence of perfect fifths. Starting on a C, and using the standard system of tuning for Western music ( 12-tone equal temperament ), the sequence is: C, G, D, A, E, B, F ♯ /G ♭ , C ♯ /D ♭ , G ♯ /A ♭ , D ♯ /E ♭ , A ♯ /B ...
parallel fourths and fifths were acceptable and necessary, open fourths and fifths inside octaves were the characteristic stable sonority in 3 or more voices, minor sevenths and major ninths were fully structural, tritones—as a deponent [clarification needed] sort of fourth or fifth—were sometimes stacked with perfect fourths and fifths,