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In this convention, one thousand and twenty-four kilobytes (1024 KB) is equal to one megabyte (1 MB), where 1 MB is 1024 2 bytes. In December 1998, the IEC addressed such multiple usages and definitions by creating prefixes such as kibi, mebi, gibi, etc., to unambiguously denote powers of 1024. [ 10 ]
1 GB: 114 minutes of uncompressed CD-quality audio at 1.4 Mbit/s; 16 GB: DDR5 DRAM laptop memory under $40 (as of early 2024) 32/64/128 GB: Three common sizes of USB flash drives; 1 TB: The size of a $30 hard disk (as of early 2024) 6 TB: The size of a $100 hard disk (as of early 2022)
10 23: 1.0 × 10 23 bits – increase in information capacity when 1 joule of energy is added to a heat-bath at 1 K (−272.15 °C) [21] 2 77: 6.0 × 10 23 bits – information content of 1 mole (12.01 g) of graphite at 25 °C; equivalent to an average of 0.996 bits per atom. [22] 10 24: yottabit (Ybit) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits
1 GiB = 1 073 741 824 bytes (= 1024 3 B = 2 30 B). The binary definition uses powers of the base 2, as does the architectural principle of binary computers . This usage is widely promulgated by some operating systems , such as Microsoft Windows in reference to computer memory (e.g., RAM ).
On the other hand, a hard disk whose capacity is specified by the manufacturer as "10 gigabytes" or "10 GB", holds 10 × 10 9 = 10 000 000 000 bytes, or a little more than that, but less than 10 × 2 30 = 10 737 418 240 and a file whose size is listed as "2.3 GB" may have a size closer to 2.3 × 2 30 ≈ 2 470 000 000 or to 2.3 × 10 9 = 2 300 ...
Very often, when referring to the word size of a modern computer, one is also describing the size of address space on that computer. For instance, a computer said to be " 32-bit " also usually allows 32-bit memory addresses; a byte-addressable 32-bit computer can address 2 32 = 4,294,967,296 bytes of memory, or 4 gibibytes (GiB).
The ISQ symbols for the bit and byte are bit and B, respectively.In the context of data-rate units, one byte consists of 8 bits, and is synonymous with the unit octet.The abbreviation bps is often used to mean bit/s, so that when a 1 Mbps connection is advertised, it usually means that the maximum achievable bandwidth is 1 Mbit/s (one million bits per second), which is 0.125 MB/s (megabyte per ...
In actuality, a 64 kilobyte file is 64 × 1,024 × 8 bits in size and the 64 k circuit will transmit bits at a rate of 64 × 1,000 bit/s, so the amount of time taken to transmit a 64 kilobyte file over the 64 k circuit will be at least (64 × 1,024 × 8)/(64 × 1,000) seconds, which works out to be 8.192 seconds.