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  2. Concert program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concert_program

    1846 concert showing audience with program notes. Program notes or annotated concert programs are common where contemporary or classical music is being performed. These were introduced in Edinburgh and London in the 1840s, first for chamber music concerts, notably by John Ella and his Musical Union, under the name "Synoptical Analysis". They ...

  3. List of musical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbols

    Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...

  4. List of program music - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_program_music

    The orchestral program music tradition is also continued in some pieces for jazz orchestras. For narrative or evocative popular music, please see Concept Album . Any discussion of program music brings to mind Walt Disney 's animated features Fantasia (1940) and Fantasia 2000 (1999), in which the Disney animators provided graphic visualisation ...

  5. Tonnetz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonnetz

    Euler's Tonnetz. The Tonnetz originally appeared in Leonhard Euler's 1739 Tentamen novae theoriae musicae ex certissismis harmoniae principiis dilucide expositae.Euler's Tonnetz, pictured at left, shows the triadic relationships of the perfect fifth and the major third: at the top of the image is the note F, and to the left underneath is C (a perfect fifth above F), and to the right is A (a ...

  6. Helmholtz pitch notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz_pitch_notation

    The naming of individual Cs using the Helmholtz system. Helmholtz pitch notation is a system for naming musical notes of the Western chromatic scale.Fully described and normalized by the German scientist Hermann von Helmholtz, it uses a combination of upper and lower case letters (A to G), [a] and the sub- and super-prime symbols ( ͵ ′ or ⸜ ⸝) to denote each individual note of the scale.

  7. Sheet music - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheet_music

    Hymn-style arrangement of "Adeste Fideles" in standard two-staff format (bass staff and treble staff) for mixed voices Tibetan musical score from the 19th century. Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of musical notation that uses musical symbols to indicate the pitches, rhythms, or chords of a song or instrumental musical piece.

  8. Catalogues of classical compositions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalogues_of_classical...

    A thematic catalogue is an index used to identify musical compositions through the citation of the opening notes and/or main theme(s) of the work and/or of its movements or main sections. [2] Such catalogues can be used for many purposes, including as guides to a specific composer's works, as an inventory of a library's holding or as an ...

  9. Ledger line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledger_line

    A ledger line or leger line is used in Western musical notation to notate pitches above or below the lines and spaces of the regular musical staff.A line slightly longer than the note head is drawn parallel to the staff, above or below, spaced at the same distance as the lines within the staff.