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In probability theory, conditional probability is a measure of the probability of an event occurring, given that another event (by assumption, presumption, assertion or evidence) is already known to have occurred. [1] This particular method relies on event A occurring with some sort of relationship with another event B.
Given , the Radon-Nikodym theorem implies that there is [3] a -measurable random variable ():, called the conditional probability, such that () = for every , and such a random variable is uniquely defined up to sets of probability zero. A conditional probability is called regular if () is a probability measure on (,) for all a.e.
In statistics, the conditional probability table (CPT) is defined for a set of discrete and mutually dependent random variables to display conditional probabilities of a single variable with respect to the others (i.e., the probability of each possible value of one variable if we know the values taken on by the other variables).
Conditional probabilities, conditional expectations, and conditional probability distributions are treated on three levels: discrete probabilities, probability density functions, and measure theory. Conditioning leads to a non-random result if the condition is completely specified; otherwise, if the condition is left random, the result of ...
In probability theory, the chain rule [1] (also called the general product rule [2] [3]) describes how to calculate the probability of the intersection of, not necessarily independent, events or the joint distribution of random variables respectively, using conditional probabilities.
The conditional opinion | generalizes the probabilistic conditional (|), i.e. in addition to assigning a probability the source can assign any subjective opinion to the conditional statement (|). A binomial subjective opinion ω A S {\displaystyle \omega _{A}^{S}} is the belief in the truth of statement A {\displaystyle A} with degrees of ...
Probability is the branch of mathematics and statistics concerning events and numerical descriptions of how likely they are to occur. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1; the larger the probability, the more likely an event is to occur. [note 1] [1] [2] This number is often expressed as a percentage (%), ranging from 0% to ...
The conditional probability at any interior node is the average of the conditional probabilities of its children. The latter property is important because it implies that any interior node whose conditional probability is less than 1 has at least one child whose conditional probability is less than 1.