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CTA-708 (formerly EIA-708 and CEA-708) is the standard for closed captioning for ATSC digital television (DTV) viewing in the United States and Canada.It was developed by the Consumer Electronics sector of the Electronic Industries Alliance, which became Consumer Technology Association.
Closed captioning (CC) is a form of subtitling, a process of displaying text on a television, video screen, or other visual display to provide additional or ...
EIA-608, also known as "Line 21 captions" and "CEA-608", [1] is a standard for closed captioning for NTSC TV broadcasts in the United States, Canada and Mexico. It was developed by the Electronic Industries Alliance and required by law to be implemented in most television receivers made in the United States.
The National Captioning Institute's work first became publicly well known on March 16, 1980, when ABC, NBC, and PBS collectively introduced closed-captioning of their television shows. [7] At the time, CBS decided not the join the group at first because CBS preferred a different captioning system that was being used in Europe.
Typically, however, the data is instead placed only in the unused lines of the vertical framing area. Lines 1–9 are used for vertical synchronization, line 21 is used for closed captioning, and everything after 22 is the television picture. That leaves 10 lines, lines 10 to 20, that are useful for sending data.
Subtitle (or closed captioning) information is also transmitted in the teletext signal, typically on page 888 [1] or 777. A number of similar teletext services were developed in other countries, some of which attempted to address the limitations of the British-developed system, with its simple graphics and fixed page sizes.
The software allowed teachers to post topics arranged in a grid which contain videos and text-based information, and allowed students to submit their own videos in response. [3] Students and teachers were able to add items to the videos they upload including sticky notes and stickers, [ 4 ] and the videos uploaded could include automatically ...
Today, incompatible formats for captioning, subtitling and other forms of timed text are used on the Web. This means that when creating a SMIL presentation, the text portion often needs to be targeted to a particular playback environment. Moreover, the accessibility community relies heavily on captioning to make audiovisual content accessible.