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Genital herpes is a herpes infection of the genitals caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). [1] Most people either have no or mild symptoms and thus do not know they are infected. [ 1 ] When symptoms do occur, they typically include small blisters that break open to form painful ulcers . [ 1 ]
Prior HSV-1 seroconversion seems to reduce the symptoms of a later HSV-2 infection, although HSV-2 can still be contracted. Many people infected with HSV-2 display no physical symptoms—individuals with no symptoms are described as asymptomatic or as having subclinical herpes. [17] However, infection with herpes can be fatal. [18]
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are two members of the human Herpesviridae family, a set of viruses that produce viral infections in the majority of humans. [1] [2] Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 are very common and contagious. They can be spread when an infected person begins shedding the virus.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the ninth known human herpesvirus.It is also called Human herpesvirus 8, or HHV-8 in short. [2] This virus causes Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer commonly occurring in AIDS patients, [3] as well as primary effusion lymphoma, [4] HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome. [5]
The two most common forms of herpes are caused by infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV-1 is typically acquired orally and causes cold sores; HSV-2 is usually acquired during sexual contact and affects the genitals; however, either strain may affect either site. [62] Some people are asymptomatic or have very mild symptoms.
Patients with meningitis secondary to the HSV-2 virus may also present with genital lesions, although most cases of HSV-2 meningitis occur without symptoms of genital herpes. [10] [11] Around one fifth of people infected with HSV-2 have symptoms of meningitis with their initial infection, more commonly men than women. [12]
Herpetic gingivostomatitis is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). The HSV is a double-stranded DNA virus categorised into two types; HSV-1 and HSV-2.HSV-1 is predominantly responsible for oral, facial and ocular infections whereas HSV-2 is responsible for most genital and cutaneous lower herpetic lesions.
Another strain, HSV-2 usually causes genital herpes, although the strains are very similar and either can cause herpes in any location. While the disease is commonly passed through normal human contact, it is strongly associated with contact sports—outbreaks in sporting clubs being relatively common. [2] Other names for the disease are herpes ...