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Fragmentation and loss of the natural habitat of elephants are considered to be the main causes of HEC in Sri Lanka. [5] The Department of Wildlife Conservation (Sri Lanka) observes that human-elephant conflict is a serious problem, particularly in unprotected areas of the North-western and Mahaweli regions in the country. [6]
Leopard of Punanai: The leopard called "man-eater of Punanai" is the only officially accounted for man-eating leopard of Sri Lanka, where leopard attacks rarely happen. [65] [66] It killed at least 12 people on a jungle road near the hamlet of Punanai, not far from Batticaloa in the east of Sri Lanka. Its first victim was a child.
This situation is fueled by human encroachment of wildlife areas and the effects of global warming on the health of ecosystem on which such animals depend, which motivates a competition for food with humans, especially the raiding of farms. The monkey menace is parallel to similar conflicts with elephants and leopards. [1] [2] [3]
Hunting of Indian leopards for the illegal wildlife trade is the biggest threat to their survival. They are also threatened by loss of habitat and fragmentation of formerly connected populations, and various levels of human–leopard conflict in human–dominated landscapes. [10]
Human-wildlife interactions have occurred throughout man's prehistory and recorded history. An early form of human-wildlife conflict is the depredation of the ancestors of prehistoric man by a number of predators of the Miocene such as saber-toothed cats, leopards, and spotted hyenas.
Sri Lankan environmentalist, Dr. Gothamie Weerakoon has discovered 51 new varieties of lichens endemic to Sri Lanka, of which 8 were found in the Knuckles Mountain Range. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] While Dr. Udeni Jayalal et al. found 2 new lichens from the Horton Plains in 2012, Anzia mahaeliyensis and Anzia flavotenuis . [ 27 ]
Wildlife SOS also runs active projects focused on mitigation of human wildlife conflict with regard to species like leopards, [2] macaques, [3] elephants, [4] moon bears, [5] snakes, [6] and other animals across several states in India. In addition, their work includes projects targeted at biodiversity and habitat conservation, awareness ...
The sloth bear's global range includes India, the Terai of Nepal, temperate climatic zones of Bhutan and Sri Lanka. It occurs in a wide range of habitats including moist and dry tropical forests , savannahs , scrublands and grasslands below 1,500 m (4,900 ft) on the Indian subcontinent, and below 300 m (980 ft) in Sri Lanka's dry forests .