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The basic quantities describing a sphere (meaning a 2-sphere, a 2-dimensional surface inside 3-dimensional space) will be denoted by the following variables r {\displaystyle r} is the radius, C = 2 π r {\displaystyle C=2\pi r} is the circumference (the length of any one of its great circles ),
optics, photography (ratio of focal length to diameter of aperture) Fresnel number: F = Augustin-Jean Fresnel: optics (slit diffraction) [6] Refractive index: n = electromagnetism, optics (speed of light in vacuum over speed of light in a material) Transmittance: T
In this context, a diameter is any chord which passes through the conic's centre. A diameter of an ellipse is any line passing through the centre of the ellipse. [7] Half of any such diameter may be called a semidiameter, although this term is most often a synonym for the radius of a circle or sphere. [8] The longest diameter is called the ...
More formulas of this nature can be given, as explained by Ramanujan's theory of elliptic functions to alternative bases. Perhaps the most notable hypergeometric inversions are the following two examples, involving the Ramanujan tau function τ {\displaystyle \tau } and the Fourier coefficients j {\displaystyle \mathrm {j} } of the J-invariant ...
The three-dimensional analog of a Reuleaux triangle, the Reuleaux tetrahedron, does not have constant width, but minor changes to it produce the Meissner bodies, which do. [ 2 ] [ 13 ] The curves of constant width may also be generalized to the bodies of constant brightness , three-dimensional shapes whose two-dimensional projections all have ...
Displays an equation in a box. Template parameters [Edit template data] Parameter Description Type Status Indent indent One or two colons for an indent from the left, OR a valid CSS margin value. Leave blank for no indent. Example: String optional Cellpadding (margin) cellpadding Number of pixels to be used as padding of the box around the equation (how much the box wraps around the equation ...
Semicircle: one of the two possible arcs determined by the endpoints of a diameter, taking its midpoint as centre. In non-technical common usage it may mean the interior of the two-dimensional region bounded by a diameter and one of its arcs, that is technically called a half-disc. A half-disc is a special case of a segment, namely the largest one.
The outside diameter of a gear is the diameter of the addendum (tip) circle. In a bevel gear it is the diameter of the crown circle. In a throated worm gear it is the maximum diameter of the blank. The term applies to external gears, this is can also be known from major diameter. [1]