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Depression is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, as the epidemiology has shown. [1] Lifetime prevalence estimates vary widely, from 3% in Japan to 17% in India. Epidemiological data shows higher rates of depression in the Middle East, North Africa, South Asia and the United States than in other regions and countries. [2]
Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders make a substantial contribution to the global burden of disease (GBD). [12] This is a global measure of so-called disability-adjusted life years (DALY's) assigned to a certain disease/disorder, which is a sum of the years lived with disability and years of life lost due to this disease within the total population.
Countries fall into four broad categories based on their HDI: very high, high, medium, and low human development. Currently, Seychelles is the only African country that falls into the very high human development category. Somalia has the lowest HDI in both Africa and the world according to the list.
The second leading cause of global disability burden in 2020 was unipolar depression, and research showed that depression was twice as likely to be prevalent in women than in men. [9] [10] [13] Gender-based mental health disparities suggest that gender is a factor that could be leading to unequal health outcomes. [14]
The following are lists of countries by estimated suicide rates as published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other sources. [note 1] In many countries, suicide rates are underreported due to social stigma, cultural or legal concerns. [3] Thus, these figures cannot be used to compare real suicide rates, which are unknown in most ...
Countries in Africa are sorted according to data from the International Monetary Fund. [1] The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results can vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency. [2]
A study by Ngcobo and Pillay reports a high level of depression in black South African women (83.34%) and a gender difference ratio of four to one. [18] Depression in South Africa is often linked back to low socioeconomic factors and loss through death and abuse. [18]
The history of education in Africa can be divided into pre-colonial and post-colonial periods. [1] Since the introduction of formal education by European colonists to Africa, education, particularly in West and Central Africa, has been characterized by both traditional African teachings and European-style schooling systems.