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Under its regulations, the law stipulated that all Chinese people entering Canada must first pay a CA$50 fee, [7] [8] later referred to as a head tax. This was amended in 1887, [ 9 ] 1892, [ 10 ] and 1900, [ 11 ] with the fee increasing to CA$100 in 1901 and later to its maximum of CA$500 in 1903, representing a two-year salary of an immigrant ...
Vancouver Island University historian, Keith D. Smith described the pass system in his 2009 book Liberalism, Surveillance, and Resistance: Indigenous Communities in Western Canada, 1877-1927, as a "highly effective component of a "coercive and flexible" "matrix" of restrictive "laws, regulations, and policies" to "confine Indigenous people to ...
Demonstrators discarding their passbooks to protest apartheid, 1960. The Black (Natives) Laws Amendment Act of 1952 amended the 1945 Native Urban Areas Consolidation Act, stipulating that all black people over the age of 16 were required to carry passes and that no black person could stay in an urban area more than 72 hours unless allowed to by ...
The following criteria were used for separating the coloured people from the white people: [2] Characteristics of the person's head hair; Characteristics of the person's other hair; Skin colour; Facial features; Home language and especially the knowledge of Afrikaans; Area where the person lives, the person's friends and acquaintances; Employment
The Ontario division of the Canadian Union of Public Employees (CUPE) has supported the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) campaign against Israel since 2006. Their stance has encountered opposition from the Canadian Jewish Congress and parts of the press but also widespread support from university professors, Independent Jewish Voices, Palestine House, Canadian Arab Federation and labour ...
Apartheid is distinguished from segregation in other countries by the systematic way in which it was formalized in law. Segregationist legislation before apartheid Although apartheid as a comprehensive legislative project truly began after the National Party came into power in 1948, many of these statutes were preceded by the laws of the ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 January 2025. South African system of racial separation This article is about apartheid in South Africa. For apartheid as defined in international law, see Crime of apartheid. For other uses, see Apartheid (disambiguation). This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Consider ...
This convention was the first to name apartheid a crime under international law, while also being the first to name apartheid a crime against humanity. While many countries and signatories continued to oppose this terminology, the convention was the first to have signatures to this effect.