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Initially the countercurrent exchange mechanism and its properties were proposed in 1951 by professor Werner Kuhn and two of his former students who called the mechanism found in the loop of Henle in mammalian kidneys a Countercurrent multiplier [14] and confirmed by laboratory findings in 1958 by Professor Carl W. Gottschalk. [15]
A countercurrent exchange system is utilized between the venous and arterial capillaries. Lowering the pH levels in the venous capillaries causes oxygen to unbind from blood hemoglobin because of the Root effect. This causes an increase in venous blood oxygen partial pressure, allowing the oxygen to diffuse through the capillary membrane and ...
A is the exchange area. Note that estimating the heat transfer coefficient may be quite complicated. This holds both for cocurrent flow, where the streams enter from the same end, and for countercurrent flow, where they enter from different ends.
Countercurrent exchange; Countercurrent chromatography; Equatorial Counter Current; Counter-Currents, an alt-right online publication; Countercurrents.org, an Indian news website; two political party factions in Italy: Countercurrent (PRC faction, Italy), a faction of the Communist Refoundation Party; Countercurrent (PdL faction, Italy), a ...
A countercurrent mechanism system is a mechanism that expends energy to create a concentration gradient. It is found widely in nature and especially in mammalian organs. For example, it can refer to the process that is underlying the process of urine concentration, that is, the production of hyperosmotic urine by the mammalian kidney .
Countercurrent exchange, where two flowing bodies flowing in opposite directions to each other exchange, for example, heat; Counterflow lane a lane in which traffic flows in the opposite direction; Counterflow Centrifugation Elutriation (CCE) a cell separating technique; Counterflow in Cooling tower
Pages for logged out editors learn more. Contributions; Talk; Counter-current heat exchange
Most species employ a countercurrent exchange system to enhance the diffusion of substances in and out of the gill, with blood and water flowing in opposite directions to each other. The gills are composed of comb-like filaments, the gill lamellae, which help increase their surface area for oxygen exchange. [5]