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The Indian Standard Time was adopted on 1 January 1906 during the British era with the phasing out of its precursor Madras Time (Railway Time), [2] and after Independence in 1947, the Union government established IST as the official time for the whole country, although Kolkata and Mumbai retained their own local time (known as Calcutta Time and Bombay Time) until 1948 and 1955, respectively. [3]
The time zone is three hours ahead of UTC , which is the same as Moscow Time, Arabia Standard Time, Further-eastern European Time and Eastern European Summer Time. [1] As this time zone is predominantly in the equatorial region, there is no significant change in day length throughout the year and so daylight saving time is not observed. [1]
The criteria for drawing time zones is based on many factors including: legal, political, economic, and physical or geographic. Consequently, time zones rarely adhere to meridian lines. The CET time zone, were it drawn by purely geographical terms, would consist of exactly the area between meridians 7°30′ E and 22°30′ E.
Pale colours: Standard time observed all year Dark colours: Summer time observed Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC+02:00), sometimes referred to as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), [1] is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (CET; UTC+01:00) during the other part of the year.
These angles can be measured in time (24 hours to a circle) or in degrees (360 degrees to a circle)—one or the other, not both. Negative hour angles (−180° < LHA object < 0°) indicate the object is approaching the meridian, positive hour angles (0° < LHA object < 180°) indicate the object is moving away from the meridian; an hour angle ...
In 1981, Malaysia decided to standardise the time across its territories to a uniform UTC+08:00. Singapore elected to follow suit, citing business and travel schedules. [14] [15] The change took effect on New Year's Day (1 January) 1982 when Singapore moved half an hour forward on New Year's Eve (31 December) 1981 at 11:30 pm creating "Singapore Standard Time" (SST) or "Singapore Time" (SGT). [16]
Time zones of South Asia, with Nepal Standard Time indicated. Nepal Standard Time (NPT) is the time zone for Nepal. [1] With a time offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) of UTC+05:45 all over Nepal, [2] [3] it is one of only three time zones with a 45-minute offset from UTC. [n 1] [4]
At the time of independence, Portuguese-owned plantations occupied 90% of the cultivated area. After independence, control of these plantations passed to various state-owned agricultural enterprises. The main crop on São Tomé is cocoa, representing about 54% of agricultural exports. [ 66 ]