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[325] [page needed] Ronald Segal estimates between 11.5 and 14 million were enslaved by the Arab slave trade. [326] [327] [328] [page needed] Other estimates place it around 11.2 million. [329] There has also been a considerable genetic impact on Arabs throughout the Arab world from pre-modern African and European slaves. [330]
The king himself was estimated to be the biggest slave owner with a number of around 3,000 slaves, among them the royal bodyguard who they described as "arrogant, well provided with food, clothes and even money", who formed a "striking contrast" to the free Arab citizens; the king normally did not sell slaves, but could give them away as gifts ...
William Hepworth Dixon noted slaves in various tasks Jerusalem of the 1860s, such as in his depiction of Jaffa Gate, when he mentioned "Yon negro dozing near his mule is a slave from the Upper Nile, and belongs to an Arab bey who lets him out on hire", and the servants in the coffee houses: “Enter this coffee house, where the old sheikh is ...
A photograph of a slave boy in the Sultanate of Zanzibar. 'An Arab master's punishment for a slight offence.' c. 1890. From at least the 1860s onwards, photography was a powerful weapon in the abolitionist arsenal. Arab slave trade refers to various periods in which a slave trade has been carried out under the auspices of Arab peoples or Arab ...
Estimates of the total number of black slaves moved from sub-Saharan Africa to the Arab world range from 6 to 10 million, and the trans-Saharan trade routes conveyed a significant number of this total, with one estimate tallying around 7.2 million slaves crossing the Sahara from the mid-7th century until the 20th century when it was abolished.
Children of two slaves were born into slavery, however the child of a free man and his concubine (sex slave) were not born a slave if the father awknowledged fatherhood. Islamic Law allowed for Muslims to enslave non-Muslims, unless they were zimmis (protected minorities who had accepted Muslim rule), and slaves were therefore non-Muslims ...
Contemporary slavery, also sometimes known as modern slavery or neo-slavery, refers to institutional slavery that continues to occur in present-day society. Estimates of the number of enslaved people today range from around 38 million [ 1 ] to 49.6 million, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] depending on the method used to form the estimate and the definition ...
The dominating Islamic view, expressed by contemporary Arab writers, was that slavery was benevolent since the supply source of slaves were the non-Islamic outside world of Polytheist-Idolators and Barbaric infidels, who thanks to their enslavement would convert to Islam and enjoy the benefits of Islamic civilisation. [31]