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  2. List of principal and guide meridians and base lines of the ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_principal_and...

    Figure 1. This BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used for surveying states (colored) in the PLSS.. The following are the principal and guide meridians and base lines of the United States, with the year established and a brief summary of what areas' land surveys are based on each.

  3. Public Land Survey System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Land_Survey_System

    Principal meridian (PM): A true meridian running through an initial point, which together with the baseline form the highest level framework for all rectangular surveys in a given area. The list of all principal meridians is given below. Public domain (land): Land owned and managed by the Federal government. Synonymous with public lands.

  4. Null Island - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_Island

    Null Island is the location at zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude), i.e., where the prime meridian and the equator intersect. Since there is no landmass located at these coordinates, it is not an actual island. The name is often used in mapping software as a placeholder to help find and correct database entries that have ...

  5. List of map projections - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_map_projections

    In normal aspect, these map the central meridian and parallels as straight lines. Other meridians are curves (or possibly straight from pole to equator), regularly spaced along parallels. Conic In normal aspect, conic (or conical) projections map meridians as straight lines, and parallels as arcs of circles. Pseudoconical

  6. Prime meridian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_meridian

    The prime meridian of the Moon lies directly in the middle of the face of the Moon visible from Earth and passes near the crater Bruce. The prime meridian of Mars was established in 1971 [35] and passes through the center of the crater Airy-0, although it is fixed by the longitude of the Viking 1 lander, which is defined to be 47.95137°W. [36]

  7. Meridian (geography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meridian_(geography)

    Meridians run between the North and South poles. In geography and geodesy, a meridian is the locus connecting points of equal longitude, which is the angle (in degrees or other units) east or west of a given prime meridian (currently, the IERS Reference Meridian). [1] In other words, it is a coordinate line for longitudes, a line of longitude.

  8. Prime meridian (Greenwich) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_meridian_(Greenwich)

    The modern standard, the IERS Reference Meridian, is based on the Greenwich meridian, but differs slightly from it. [1] This prime meridian (at the time, one of many) was first established by Sir George Airy in 1851, and by 1884, over two-thirds of all ships and tonnage used it as the reference meridian on their charts and maps.

  9. Hemispheres of Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemispheres_of_Earth

    The division of Earth by the Equator and the prime meridian Map roughly depicting the Eastern and Western hemispheres. In geography and cartography, hemispheres of Earth are any division of the globe into two equal halves (hemispheres), typically divided into northern and southern halves by the Equator and into western and eastern halves by the Prime meridian.

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