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Many electrical telegraph systems were invented that operated in different ways, but the ones that became widespread fit into two broad categories. First are the needle telegraphs, in which electric current sent down the telegraph line produces electromagnetic force to move a needle-shaped pointer into position over a printed list.
According to Morse, telegraph dates only from 1832 when Pavel Schilling invented one of the earliest electrical telegraphs. [3] A telegraph message sent by an electrical telegraph operator or telegrapher using Morse code (or a printing telegraph operator using plain text) was known as a telegram.
Earth-return telegraph is the system whereby the return path for the electric current of a telegraph circuit is provided by connection to the earth through an earth electrode. Using earth return saves a great deal of money on installation costs since it halves the amount of wire that is required, with a corresponding saving on the labour ...
Electric telegraph In the early 19th century, the electrical telegraph was gradually invented allowing a message to be sent over a wire. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] In 1835, the American inventor Samuel Morse created a dots and dashes language system representing both letters and numbers, called the Morse code , enabling text-based transmissions.
The Telegraph: A History of Morse's Invention and Its Predecessors in the United States (McFarland, 2003). online; Downey, Greg. "Telegraph messenger boys: crossing the borders between history of technology and human geography." Professional Geographer 55.2 (2003): 134-145. online
The Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph was an early electrical telegraph system dating from the 1830s invented by English inventor William Fothergill Cooke and English scientist Charles Wheatstone. It was a form of needle telegraph , and the first telegraph system to be put into commercial service.
He invented a precursor to the electric doorbell (specifically a bell that could be rung at a distance via an electric wire, 1831) [7] and electric relay (1835). [8] His work on the electromagnetic relay was the basis of the practical electrical telegraph , invented separately by Samuel F. B. Morse and Sir Charles Wheatstone .
Finlaison, John, An account of some remarkable applications of the electric fluid to the useful arts, by Mr. Alexander Bain; with a vindication of his claim to be the first inventor of the electro-magnetic printing telegraph, and also of the electro-magnetic clock, London, Chapman and Hall, 1843. Gunn, Robert P., Alexander Bain of Watten.