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Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula LiOH. It can exist as anhydrous or hydrated, and both forms are white hygroscopic solids. They are soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. Both are available commercially. While classified as a strong base, lithium hydroxide is the weakest known alkali metal hydroxide.
The oxidation states are also maintained in articles of the elements (of course), and systematically in the table {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state}} See also [ edit ]
Lithium hydroxide and lithium peroxide are the salts most commonly used in confined areas, such as aboard spacecraft and submarines, for carbon dioxide removal and air purification. Lithium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide from the air by forming lithium carbonate, and is preferred over other alkaline hydroxides for its low weight.
Lithium carbonate may be converted into lithium hydroxide as an intermediate. In practice, two components of the battery are made with lithium compounds: the cathode and the electrolyte . The electrolyte is a solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate , while the cathode uses one of several lithiated structures, the most popular of which are ...
Burning lithium metal produces lithium oxide. Lithium oxide forms along with small amounts of lithium peroxide when lithium metal is burned in the air and combines with oxygen at temperatures above 100 °C: [3] 4Li + O 2 → 2 Li 2 O. Pure Li 2 O can be produced by the thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide, Li 2 O 2, at 450 °C [3] [2] 2 Li ...
The superscript Plimsoll on this symbol indicates that the process has occurred under standard conditions at the specified temperature (usually 25 °C or 298.15 K). Standard states are defined for various types of substances. For a gas, it is the hypothetical state the gas would assume if it obeyed the ideal gas equation at a
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Lithium tetrachloroaluminate – LiAlCl 4; Lithium aluminium hydride – LiAlH 4; Lithium bromide – LiBr; Lithium borohydride – LiBH 4; Lithium carbonate (Lithium salt) – Li 2 CO 3; Lithium chloride – LiCl; Lithium hypochlorite – LiClO; Lithium chlorate – LiClO 3; Lithium perchlorate – LiClO 4; Lithium cobalt oxide – LiCoO 2 ...