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The Battle of Changping (長平之戰) was a military campaign during the Warring States period of ancient China, which took place from 262 BC to 260 BC at Changping (northwest of present-day Gaoping, Shanxi province), between the two strongest military powers, the State of Qin and the State of Zhao. After a bitter two-year stalemate, the ...
The battle reflects a model of total war between states, which countries use all of their human and economic resources into warfare. Many scholars believe that Zhao Kuo, though inexperienced, was a talented general and had the potential to become one of the best if he had enough time to develop his practical skills.
King Xiaocheng of Zhao (Chinese: 趙孝成王; r. 265 BCE [1] – 245 BCE [2]), personal name Zhao Dan, was a king of the Zhao state.His reign saw the decline of Zhao military power owing to the catastrophic defeat by the Qin state at the Battle of Changping.
Zhao lacked the military might of Wei or the wealth of Qi, and became a pawn in the struggle between them. This struggle came to a head in 354 BC when Wei invaded Zhao, forcing Zhao to seek help from Qi. The resulting Battle of Guiling was a major victory for Qi, reducing the threat to Zhao's southern border.
The governor of Shangdang refused to surrender and presented it to Zhao instead. This led to the Battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao that resulted in a decisive victory for Qin. In 257 BC, the allied forces of Zhao, Wei and Chu managed to hold off Qin at the Battle of Handan, resulting in the first major defeat for Qin since Shang Yang's ...
Battle of Changping: Qin deals a major defeat to Zhao [17] 256 BC: Qin annexes Eastern Zhou [14] Li Bing constructs the Dujiangyan [18] 250 BC: King Zhaoxiang of Qin dies and is succeeded by King Xiaowen of Qin and then King Zhuangxiang of Qin: 249 BC: Chu conquers Lu: 247 BC: 7 May: King Zhuangxiang of Qin dies and is succeeded by King Zheng ...
When Lian Po was on the verge of being replaced as overall commander in the Battle of Changping by the much younger and much more inexperienced Zhao Kuo, Lin Xiangru, then already gravely ill, begged King Xiaocheng of Zhao to reconsider the decision. However, his advice was not heeded, and disaster followed. [3]
Bai Qi wanted to end Zhao once and for all, as they were weary and psychologically affected by the losses incurred from the Battle of Changping, but the prime minister of Qin, Fan Ju (范雎), who was persuaded by a talker from Zhao, feared Bai Qi's rising power, and recommended that the king stop the attack on the pretext that the Qin troops ...