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where V is the volume of a sphere and r is the radius. S A = 4 π r 2 {\displaystyle SA=4\pi r^{2}} where SA is the surface area of a sphere and r is the radius.
Illustration of a cylinder and the planification of its lateral surface. The lateral surface of a right cylinder is the meeting of the generatrices. [3] It can be obtained by the product between the length of the circumference of the base and the height of the cylinder.
In mathematics, the Leibniz formula for π, named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, states that = + + = = +,. an alternating series.. It is sometimes called the Madhava–Leibniz series as it was first discovered by the Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama or his followers in the 14th–15th century (see Madhava series), [1] and was later independently rediscovered by James Gregory in ...
The number π (/ p aɪ /; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.
Modern mathematics can obtain the area using the methods of integral calculus or its more sophisticated offspring, real analysis. However, the area of a disk was studied by the Ancient Greeks . Eudoxus of Cnidus in the fifth century B.C. had found that the area of a disk is proportional to its radius squared. [ 1 ]
In 1949 a computer was used to calculate π to 2,000 places, presenting one of the earliest opportunities for a more difficult challenge. Later computers calculated pi to extraordinary numbers of digits (2.7 trillion as of August 2010), [4] and people began memorizing more and more of the output
For most practical purposes, the volume inside a sphere inscribed in a cube can be approximated as 52.4% of the volume of the cube, since V = π / 6 d 3, where d is the diameter of the sphere and also the length of a side of the cube and π / 6 ≈ 0.5236.
The calculation, conversion, and verification steps took a total of 131 days. [41] In August 2010, Shigeru Kondo used Alexander Yee's y-cruncher to calculate 5 trillion digits of π. This was the world record for any type of calculation, but significantly it was performed on a home computer built by Kondo. [42]