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These include partial or total duplication of the ureter (a duplex ureter), or the formation of a second irregularly placed ureter; [13] or where the junction with the bladder is malformed or a ureterocoele develops (usually in that location). [14] If the ureters have been resited as a result of surgery, for example due to a kidney transplant ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 13 November 2024. This article is about the human urinary system. For urinary systems of other vertebrates, see Urinary systems of birds, urinary systems of reptiles, and urinary systems of amphibians. Anatomical system consisting of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and the urethra Urinary system 1 ...
This becomes the ureter. At the hilum, the ureter and renal vein exit the kidney and the renal artery enters. Hilar fat and lymphatic tissue with lymph nodes surround these structures. The hilar fat is contiguous with a fat-filled cavity called the renal sinus. The renal sinus collectively contains the renal pelvis and calyces and separates ...
The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. [1] In the adult, it forms a continuous smooth outer zone with a number of projections (cortical columns) that extend down between the pyramids.
The trigone (also known as the vesical trigone) [1] is a smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the two ureteric orifices and the internal urethral orifice.
It is located at the junction of the urethra with the urinary bladder and is continuous with the detrusor muscle, [1] [2] but anatomically and functionally fully independent from it. [3] It is composed of smooth muscle , so it is under the control of the autonomic nervous system , specifically the sympathetic nervous system .
Ureterovesicular junction obstruction (UVJ obstruction) is an obstruction at the level of the ureter and bladder. It accounts for 20% of cases of hydronephrosis detected in utero. It is also most commonly seen in males and involved both sides of the urinary tract in approximately 25% of cases. [1]
Urine is excreted through the renal papillae into the calyces and then into the pelvis, ureter, and bladder. [62] [28] Then it is excreted outside through the urethra. [64] In monotremes, the ureters open into the urogenital sinus, which is connected to the urinary bladder and cloaca, [65] and urine is excreted into the cloaca instead of the ...