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Simple relaxation oscillator made by feeding back an inverting Schmitt trigger's output voltage through a RC network to its input.. An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic, oscillating or alternating current (AC) signal, usually a sine wave, square wave or a triangle wave, [1] [2] [3] powered by a direct current (DC) source.
Typically a crystal oscillator produces a fixed sine wave—the frequency reference signal. Electronic circuitry translates that into a square wave at the same frequency for digital electronics applications (or, when using a CPU multiplier , some fixed multiple of the crystal reference frequency).
An undamped spring–mass system is an oscillatory system. Oscillation is the repetitive or periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of equilibrium) or between two or more different states.
Circuit diagram symbol for a representative op amp. Pins are labeled as listed above. An operational amplifier (often op amp or opamp ) is a DC-coupled electronic voltage amplifier with a differential input , a (usually) single-ended output, [ 1 ] and an extremely high gain .
Clock signal and legend. In electronics and especially synchronous digital circuits, a clock signal (historically also known as logic beat) [1] is an electronic logic signal (voltage or current) which oscillates between a high and a low state at a constant frequency and is used like a metronome to synchronize actions of digital circuits.
A phase-shift oscillator is a linear electronic oscillator circuit that produces a sine wave output. It consists of an inverting amplifier element such as a transistor or op amp with its output fed back to its input through a phase-shift network consisting of resistors and capacitors in a ladder network .
The superregenerative receiver uses a second lower-frequency oscillation (within the same stage or by using a second oscillator stage) to provide single-device circuit gains of around one million. This second oscillation periodically interrupts or "quenches" the main RF oscillation. [37] Ultrasonic quench rates between 30 and 100 kHz are typical.
Paul Voigt patented a negative feedback amplifier in January 1924, though his theory lacked detail. [4] Harold Stephen Black independently invented the negative-feedback amplifier while he was a passenger on the Lackawanna Ferry (from Hoboken Terminal to Manhattan) on his way to work at Bell Laboratories (located in Manhattan instead of New Jersey in 1927) on August 2, 1927 [5] (US Patent ...