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Depiction of the patio process at the Hacienda Nueva de Fresnillo, Zacatecas state , Pietro Gualdi, 1846. The patio process is a process for extracting silver from ore. Smelting, or refining, is most often necessary because silver is only infrequently found as a native element like some metals nobler than the redox couple 2 H + + 2 e − ⇌ H
The silver is then recovered by volatilizing the zinc. [2] The Parkes process largely replaced the Pattinson process, except where the lead contained insufficient silver. In such a case, the Pattinson process provided a method to enrich it in silver to about 40 to 60 ounces per ton, at which concentration it could be treated using the Parkes ...
16th century cupellation furnaces (per Agricola). Cupellation is a refining process in metallurgy in which ores or alloyed metals are treated under very high temperatures and subjected to controlled operations to separate noble metals, like gold and silver, from base metals, like lead, copper, zinc, arsenic, antimony, or bismuth, present in the ore.
After froth flotation, silver is extracted by a cyanide process, akin to technology used for gold extraction. [1] In some cases, the ore is treated by smelting before cyanide treatment. Silver is also produced during the electrolytic refining of copper and by application of the Parkes process on lead ores. Commercial grade fine silver is at ...
The pan amalgamation process is a method to extract silver from ore, using salt and copper(II) sulfate in addition to mercury. The process was widely used from 1609 through the 19th century; it is no longer used. The patio process had been used to extract silver from ore since its invention in 1557. One drawback of the patio process was the ...
The 16th-century process of separating copper and silver using liquation, described by Georg Agricola in his 1556 treatise De re metallica, [1] remained almost unchanged until the 19th century when it was replaced by cheaper and more efficient processes such as sulphatization and eventually electrolytic methods.
Parting vessels used for refining gold with the cementation process have been found in London, Lincoln, York and Winchester. The London vessels, dating from the Flavian period (c. 70–85 AD), were sealed using luting clay ; XRF analysis detected gold and silver, with highest concentration around the sealed region showing possible escape of ...
In addition, the process allowed for greater amounts of the silver to be produced by Japanese mines, which had more efficient refining processes than their competitors. By the 16th century, Japanese mines were producing up to one third of the world's silver. [3] The Hai-Fuki-Ho method was eventually replaced by more modern methods of silver ...