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In the context of an HTTP transaction, basic access authentication is a method for an HTTP user agent (e.g. a web browser) to provide a user name and password when making a request. In basic HTTP authentication, a request contains a header field in the form of Authorization: Basic <credentials>, where <credentials> is the Base64 encoding of ID ...
Because Base64 is a six-bit encoding, and because the decoded values are divided into 8-bit octets, every four characters of Base64-encoded text (4 sextets = 4 × 6 = 24 bits) represents three octets of unencoded text or data (3 octets = 3 × 8 = 24 bits). This means that when the length of the unencoded input is not a multiple of three, the ...
It applies a hash function to the username and password before sending them over the network. In contrast, basic access authentication uses the easily reversible Base64 encoding instead of hashing, making it non-secure unless used in conjunction with TLS.
To prevent the user name and password being read directly by a person, they are encoded as a sequence of base-64 characters before transmission. into something like As user name and password may contain special or even binary characters, they are encoded as a sequence of base-64 characters before transmission.
As with all SMTP extensions, SMTP AUTH is advertised in the EHLO response, along with a list of supported authentication methods. These methods may change after issuing STARTTLS, typically allowing plain text passwords in the latter case only. RFC 4954 provides the following example ("C:" and "S:" are not part of the protocol, they indicate ...
Use an app password. If you use AOL two-step verification or an older email app, you may need to use an app specific password to access AOL Mail. Learn how to generate third-party app passwords and remember, app passwords are only valid for the app they are created for and remain valid until you sign out or remove access to the app. At that ...
Some older and today uncommon formats include BOO, BTOA, and USR encoding. Most of these encodings generate text containing only a subset of all ASCII printable characters: for example, the base64 encoding generates text that only contains upper case and lower case letters, (A–Z, a–z), numerals (0–9), and the "+", "/", and "=" symbols.
The decoded challenge is hashed using HMAC-MD5, with a shared secret (typically, the user's password, or a hash thereof) as the secret key. The hashed challenge is converted to a string of lowercase hex digits. The username and a space character are prepended to the hex digits. The concatenation is then base64-encoded and sent to the server