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Chronic kidney disease is commonly associated with sleep symptoms and excessive daytime sleepiness. 80% of those on dialysis have sleep disturbances. Sleep apnea can occur 10 times as often in uremic patients than in the general population and can affect up to 30-80% of patients on dialysis, though nighttime dialysis can improve this.
Excessive daytime sleepiness, characterized by persistent sleepiness throughout the day and often a general lack of energy, even during the day after apparently adequate or even prolonged nighttime sleep. People with EDS nap repeatedly throughout the day and have strong urges to sleep while driving, working, eating, or conversing with others. [13]
Treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) relies on identifying and treating the underlying disorder which may cure the person from the EDS. Drugs like modafinil , [ 22 ] armodafinil , [ 23 ] pitolisant [ 24 ] (Wakix), sodium oxybate (Xyrem) oral solution, have been approved as treatment for EDS symptoms in the United States.
In contrast, the sleep issues studied here include excessive daytime sleepiness (falling asleep during meals or social activities) and a marked lack of enthusiasm for daily tasks,” Dr. Porter said.
The diagnosis depends on two factors, namely chronicity and reversibility. Chronicity signifies that the patient, unlike healthy people, experiences persistent sleepiness which does not pass. Reversibility stands for the fact that, even if the individual goes to sleep, the sleepiness may not be completely gone after waking up.
This isn’t the first time that better sleep has been linked with a lower risk of dementia: A study published in October even found that people with sleep apnea are more likely to develop dementia.
Dyssomnias are primary disorders of initiating or maintaining sleep or of excessive sleepiness and are characterized by a disturbance in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep. Patients may complain of difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep, intermittent wakefulness during the night, early morning awakening, or combinations of any of these.
In addition, some of the methods used to induce lucid dreams involve waking up from sleep or using devices to interrupt sleep, which can worsen sleep quality, Dr. Sharma adds.