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A more elaborate art form developed and a new warrior culture emerged with fortified villages, known as Pā. One group of Māori settled in the Chatham Islands around 1500; they created a separate, pacifist culture and became known as the Moriori.
A map of California tribal groups and languages at the time of European contact. The Indigenous peoples of California are the Indigenous inhabitants who have previously lived or currently live within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans.
Māori are the second-largest ethnic group in New Zealand, after European New Zealanders (commonly known by the Māori name Pākehā). In addition, more than 170,000 Māori live in Australia. The Māori language is spoken to some extent by about a fifth of all Māori, representing three per cent of the total population.
Kanaka workers on a sugar cane plantation in Queensland, late 19th century. Loyalty Islanders employed as sailors on the New Caledonian coast. Kanakas were workers (a mix of voluntary and involuntary) from various Pacific Islands employed in British colonies, such as British Columbia (Canada), Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, and Queensland (Australia) in the 19th and early ...
With the arrival of Europeans, surnames were introduced and soon after a Māori surname system was devised where a person would take their father's name as a surname, for example: Ariki – Maunga Ariki – Waiora Maunga – Te Awa Waiora – Waipapa Te Awa. Māori would also have translations of their names, for example:
Geographical renaming is the changing of the name of a geographical feature or area, which ranges from the change of a street name to a change to the name of a country. Places are also sometimes assigned dual names for various reasons.
In Māori and in many other Polynesian languages, iwi literally means ' bone ' [8] derived from Proto-Oceanic *suRi₁ meaning ' thorn, splinter, fish bone '. [9] Māori may refer to returning home after travelling or living elsewhere as "going back to the bones" — literally to the burial-areas of the ancestors.
Māori cultural history intertwines inextricably with the culture of Polynesia as a whole. The New Zealand archipelago forms the southwestern corner of the Polynesian Triangle, a major part of the Pacific Ocean with three island groups at its corners: the Hawaiian Islands, Rapa Nui (Easter Island), and New Zealand (Aotearoa in te reo Māori). [10]