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It is performed as part of a physical examination, or when a patient presents with leg pain suggestive of a cardiovascular pathology, typically peripheral artery disease. [1] The exam includes several parts: Position/lighting/draping, Inspection, Palpation, Auscultation, and Special maneuvers.
Waddell's signs are a group of physical signs, first described in a 1980 article in Spine, and named for the article's principal author, Professor Gordon Waddell (1943–2017), a Scottish Orthopedic Surgeon. [1] [2] Waddell's signs may indicate non-organic or psychological component to chronic low back pain.
The slump test consists of several different steps: [citation needed] First, the patient slumps forward, rounding the shoulders [1] so the examiner will then apply pressure to the trunk flexion. Next, the patient brings chin to chest and the knee is then actively extended. Afterwards, the ankle is dorsiflexed. If pain is produced during any of ...
Evidence supports the rules as an accurate instrument for excluding fractures of the ankle and mid-foot, reducing the number of unnecessary investigations and length of stay in emergency departments. [3] The original study reported that the test was 100% sensitive and reduced the number of ankle X-rays by 36%. [4]
The Thomas test is a physical examination test, named after the Welsh orthopaedic surgeon, Hugh Owen Thomas (1834–1891), to rule out hip flexion contracture (fixed partial flexion of the hip) and psoas syndrome (injury to the psoas muscle). Illustration of the Thomas test.
The Thompson test (also called Simmonds' test or Simmonds-Thompson test) is used in lower limb examination to test for the rupture of the Achilles tendon. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The patient lies face down with feet hanging off the edge of the bed.
The Hubscher maneuver (or Jack's test) is a method of evaluating the flexibility of a pes planus or flat foot type. The test is performed with the patient weight bearing , with the foot flat on the ground, while the clinician dorsiflexes the hallux and watches for an increasing concavity of the Arches of the foot.
The Trendelenburg Test or Brodie–Trendelenburg test is a test which can be carried out as part of a physical examination to determine the competency of the valves in the superficial and deep veins of the legs in patients with varicose veins.