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Before the microcomputer, a successful software program typically sold up to 1,000 units at $50,000–60,000 each. By the mid-1980s, personal computer software sold thousands of copies for $50–700 each. Companies like Microsoft, MicroPro, and Lotus Development had tens of millions of dollars in annual sales. [37]
The evolution of software engineering is notable in a number of areas: Emergence as a profession: By the early 1980s software engineering had already emerged as a bona fide profession, [2] to stand beside computer science and traditional engineering. [citation needed]
Richard Stallman, pioneer of the free software movement, flirted with adopting the term, but changed his mind. [42] Those people who adopted the term used the opportunity before the release of Navigator's source code to free themselves of the ideological and confrontational connotations of the term "free software".
Launch of IBM System/360 – the first series of compatible computers, reversing and stopping the evolution of separate "business" and "scientific" machine architectures; all models used the same basic instruction set architecture and register sizes, in theory allowing programs to be migrated to more or less powerful models as needs changed.
Bitsavers – an effort to capture, salvage, and archive historical computer software and manuals from minicomputers and mainframes of the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s; A brief history of operating systems; Microsoft operating system time-line
The Computer History in time and space, Graphing Project, an attempt to build a graphical image of computer history, in particular operating systems. The Computer Revolution/Timeline at Wikibooks "File:Timeline.pdf - Engineering and Technology History Wiki" (PDF). ethw.org. 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-31
A Smith Chart is a well-known nomogram. Since computers were rare in this era, the solutions were often hard-coded into paper forms such as nomograms, [23] which could then produce analog solutions to these problems, such as the distribution of pressures and temperatures in a heating system.
The Information Age [a] is a historical period that began in the mid-20th century.It is characterized by a rapid shift from traditional industries, as established during the Industrial Revolution, to an economy centered on information technology. [2]