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Lactulose is a non-absorbable sugar used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. [3] [4] It is administered orally for constipation, and either orally or rectally for hepatic encephalopathy. [3] It generally begins working after 8–12 hours, but may take up to 2 days to improve constipation. [1] [2]
Doses of 15-30 mL are typically administered three times a day; the result is aimed to be 3–5 soft stools a day, or (in some settings) a stool pH of <6.0. [4] [9] [10] [19] Lactulose may also be given by enema, especially if encephalopathy is severe. [19] More commonly, phosphate enemas are used. This may relieve constipation, one of the ...
Lactulose works by the osmotic effect, which retains water in the colon; lowering the pH through bacterial fermentation to lactic, formic, and acetic acids; and increasing colonic peristalsis. Lactulose is also indicated in portal-systemic encephalopathy.
Sodium citrate saline is one of the most effective osmotic laxatives (secondary in action only to magnesium citrate). [8] Its laxative action is the result of osmotic imbalance that extracts bound water from stool and pulls it back into the large bowel.
Horny goat weed is perhaps the most literally named supplement of all time. Centuries ago, when Chinese farmers noticed that goats seen eating the herb later seemed to be unusually "in the mood ...
A drug that is administered rectally will in general (depending on the drug) have a faster onset, higher bioavailability, shorter peak, and shorter duration than oral administration. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Another advantage of administering a drug rectally, is that it tends to produce less nausea compared to the oral route and prevents any amount of the ...
I'm almost positive it's done deliberately as a way to get attention, but given I have no hard proof of that, I'll have to give my cats the benefit of the doubt. 22. You never fail to put a smile ...
Chris Zylka is facing felony charges and a warrant is out for his arrest after a violent interaction with police in Ohio.. Zylka, who is perhaps best known for his 11-month engagement to Paris ...
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