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  2. Empty sella sign - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_sella_sign

    MRI is the gold standard for diagnosing the empty sella sign. Key features include: [5] CSF signal: The sella turcica is filled with material that follows the signal characteristics of CSF on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. Flattened pituitary gland: The pituitary gland appears thin and plastered against the sellar floor or walls.

  3. Empty sella syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_sella_syndrome

    Pituitary gland. The cause of this condition is divided into primary and secondary, as follows: The cause of this condition in terms of secondary empty sella syndrome happens when a tumor or surgery damages the gland, this is an acquired manner of the condition. [1] patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension will have empty sella on MRI [5]

  4. Pituitary apoplexy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_apoplexy

    The pituitary gland consists of two parts, the anterior (front) and posterior (back) pituitary. Both parts release hormones that control numerous other organs. In pituitary apoplexy, the main initial problem is a lack of secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, corticotropin), which stimulates the secretion of cortisol by the adrenal ...

  5. Pituitary gland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_gland

    The pituitary gland or hypophysis is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans , the pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain , protruding off the bottom of the hypothalamus . The human pituitary gland is oval shaped , about 1 cm in diameter, 0.5–1 gram (0.018–0.035 oz) in weight on average, and about the size of a kidney bean .

  6. Sheehan's syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheehan's_syndrome

    If an MRI is conducted early enough in the disease process the pituitary may appear larger than normal, and show changes that are consistent with damage from lack of blood supply. [16] Later in the disease process of this syndrome the damage imposed on the pituitary gland will cause it to shrink, and leave a partially empty or totally empty ...

  7. Autoimmune hypophysitis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_hypophysitis

    [7] [8] Biopsy of the pituitary gland is not easily performed with safety as it sits under the brain, however, a test does exist to detect antibodies to the pituitary without biopsy: autoantibodies to M(r) 49,000 pituitary cytosolic protein may represent markers for an immunological process affecting the pituitary gland. [2] Tests for normal ...

  8. Chiasmal syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiasmal_syndrome

    Pituitary tumors often encroach upon the middle chiasm from below. Pituitary apoplexy is one of the few acute chiasmal syndromes. It can lead to sudden visual loss as the hemorrhagic adenoma rapidly enlarges. The embryonic remnants of Rathke's pouch may undergo neoplastic change called a craniopharyngioma. These tumors may develop at any time ...

  9. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_intracranial...

    In IIH these scans typically appear to be normal, although small or slit-like ventricles, dilatation and buckling [18] of the optic nerve sheaths and "empty sella sign" (flattening of the pituitary gland due to increased pressure) and enlargement of Meckel's caves may be seen.