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Any scalar product on a real vector space V is a pairing (set M = N = V, R = R in the above definitions). The determinant map (2 × 2 matrices over k ) → k can be seen as a pairing k 2 × k 2 → k {\displaystyle k^{2}\times k^{2}\to k} .
A two-vector or bivector [1] is a tensor of type () and it is the dual of a two-form, meaning that it is a linear functional which maps two-forms to the real numbers (or more generally, to scalars). The tensor product of a pair of vectors is a two-vector.
A free object on X is a pair consisting of an object in C and an injection : (called the canonical injection), that satisfies the following universal property: For any object B in C and any map between sets g : X → U ( B ) {\displaystyle g:X\to U(B)} , there exists a unique morphism f : A → B {\displaystyle f:A\to B} in C such that g = U ...
A free vector is a vector quantity having an undefined support or region of application; it can be freely translated with no consequences; a displacement vector is a prototypical example of free vector. Aside from the notion of units and support, physical vector quantities may also differ from Euclidean vectors in terms of metric.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 2 December 2024. Computer graphics images defined by points, lines and curves This article is about computer illustration. For other uses, see Vector graphics (disambiguation). Example showing comparison of vector graphics and raster graphics upon magnification Vector graphics are a form of computer ...
Ordered pairs of scalars are sometimes called 2-dimensional vectors. (Technically, this is an abuse of terminology since an ordered pair need not be an element of a vector space.) The entries of an ordered pair can be other ordered pairs, enabling the recursive definition of ordered n-tuples (ordered lists of n objects).
Given a vector at the north pole, one can transport this vector along a curve by rotating the sphere in such a way that the north pole moves along the curve without axial rolling. This latter means of parallel transport is the Levi-Civita connection on the sphere.
The following are important identities in vector algebra.Identities that only involve the magnitude of a vector ‖ ‖ and the dot product (scalar product) of two vectors A·B, apply to vectors in any dimension, while identities that use the cross product (vector product) A×B only apply in three dimensions, since the cross product is only defined there.