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The Progressive Era (1890s–1920s [1] [2]) was a period in the United States during the early 20th century of widespread social activism and political reform across the country. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Progressives sought to address the problems caused by rapid industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and political corruption as well as the enormous ...
Chief among these aims was the pursuit of trust busting, the breaking up very large monopolies and support for labor unions, public health programs, decreased corruption in politics and environmental conservation. [60] The progressive movement enlisted support from both major parties and from minor parties as well.
Standard Oil (Refinery No. 1 in Cleveland, Ohio, pictured) was a major company broken up under United States antitrust laws.. The history of United States antitrust law is generally taken to begin with the Sherman Antitrust Act 1890, although some form of policy to regulate competition in the market economy has existed throughout the common law's history.
The rise of the Progressive Era prompted public officials to increase enforcement of antitrust laws. The Justice Department sued 45 companies under the Sherman Act during the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (1901–09) and 90 companies during the presidency of William Howard Taft (1909–13).
A Progressive reformer, Roosevelt earned a reputation as a "trust buster" through his regulatory reforms and antitrust prosecutions. His presidency saw the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act , which established the Food and Drug Administration to regulate food safety, and the Hepburn Act , which increased the regulatory power of the ...
Hawley said that the Republican Party “has got to become the party of trust-busting once again,” pointing to Teddy Roosevelt’s efforts at breaking up monopolies at the turn of the twentieth ...
In 1898, President William McKinley launched the trust-busting era (one aspect of the Progressive Era) when he appointed the U.S. Industrial Commission. Theodore Roosevelt seized upon the commission's report and based much of his presidency (1901–1909) on trust-busting. [citation needed] Prominent trusts included: Standard Oil [6] U.S. Steel [7]
Notably, none of those progressive wins came at the expense of candidates backed by the party establishment. Open-seat clashes between progressives and DCCC-backed picks caused high drama in 2018 ...