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The history of pharmacy as a modern and independent science dates back to the first third of the 19th century. Before then, pharmacy evolved from antiquity as part of medicine . Before the advent of pharmacists, there existed apothecaries that worked alongside priests and physicians in regard to patient care.
The history of pharmacy has lagged behind other fields in the history of science and medicine, perhaps because primary sources in the field are sparse. [5] Historical inquiries in this area have been few, and unlike the growing number of programs in the history of medicine, history of pharmacy programs remain few in number in the United States. [6]
Early Italian pharmacy, 17th century. Gift of Fisher Scientific International, Science History Institute, Philadelphia. From the 15th century to the 16th century, the apothecary gained the status of a skilled practitioner. In London, the apothecaries merited their own livery company, the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries, founded in 1617.
Herbs and Indian remedies were used and apothecary shops were set up in large population centers. During the Revolutionary War medicine and pharmacy emerged as separate professions, and the first American Pharmacopoeia was printed in 1778. [9] By the 19th century, pharmacists had stopped practicing medicine and even the name apothecary faded away.
A pharmacy (also known as a chemist in Australia, New Zealand and the British Isles; or drugstore in North America; retail pharmacy in industry terminology; or apothecary, historically) is where most pharmacists practice the profession of pharmacy. It is the community pharmacy in which the dichotomy of the profession exists; health ...
German postage stamp from 1991, commemorating 750 years of the apothecary profession. The apothecaries' system, or apothecaries' weights and measures, is a historical system of mass and volume units that were used by physicians and apothecaries for medical prescriptions and also sometimes by scientists.
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The building is the former residence and apothecary of America's first licensed pharmacist, Louis J. Dufilho, Jr. [2] [3] [4] Dufilho was licensed in pharmacy in 1816. [4] This was in the setting when public health was lacking in New Orleans. [5] The building was designed by J. N. B DePouilly. [3]