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In physical cosmology, baryogenesis (also known as baryosynthesis [1] [2]) is the physical process that is hypothesized to have taken place during the early universe to produce baryonic asymmetry, i.e. the imbalance of matter and antimatter (antibaryons) in the observed universe.
All the particles that make up the matter around us, such electrons and protons, have antimatter versions which are nearly identical, but with mirrored properties such as the opposite electric charge.
Neither the standard model of particle physics nor the theory of general relativity provides a known explanation for why this should be so, and it is a natural assumption that the universe is neutral with all conserved charges. [3] The Big Bang should have produced equal amounts of matter and antimatter. Since this does not seem to have been ...
The local geometry of the universe is determined by whether the relative density Ω is less than, equal to or greater than 1. From top to bottom: a spherical universe with greater than critical density (Ω>1, k>0); a hyperbolic, underdense universe (Ω<1, k<0); and a flat universe with exactly the critical density (Ω=1, k=0).
There appears to be very little antimatter - and on Earth almost none. ... Scientists remain puzzled by antimatter's scarcity in the observable universe. For instance, there is no indication of ...
The finding of an accelerating universe suggests that a large part of the missing dark matter is stored as dark energy in a dynamical vacuum. [ 6 ] Another question for astroparticle physicists is why is there so much more matter than antimatter in the universe today.
In November 2010, the ALPHA collaboration announced that they had trapped 38 antihydrogen atoms for a sixth of a second, [23] the first confinement of neutral antimatter. In June 2011, they trapped 309 antihydrogen atoms, up to 3 simultaneously, for up to 1,000 seconds. [24] They then studied its hyperfine structure, gravity effects, and charge.
Why does the observable universe have more matter than antimatter? (more unsolved problems in physics) In physical cosmology , leptogenesis is the generic term for hypothetical physical processes that produced an asymmetry between leptons and antileptons in the very early universe , resulting in the present-day dominance of leptons over ...