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Cippi and stelae of limestone are characteristic monuments of Punic art and religion, found throughout the western Phoenician world in unbroken continuity, both historically and geographically. [269] Most of them were set up over urns containing cremated human remains, placed within open-air sanctuaries.
Main Phoenician trade routes, which linked the metropolis with its colonies. The Jewish historian Flavius Josephus alludes to the Phoenician or Tyrian chronicles that he allegedly consulted to write his historical works. Herodotus also mentioned the existence of books from Byblos and a History of Tyre preserved in the temple of Hercules-Melqart ...
The Carthage tophet, is an ancient sacred area dedicated to the Phoenician deities Tanit and Baal, located in the Carthaginian district of Salammbô, Tunisia, near the Punic ports. This tophet , a "hybrid of sanctuary and necropolis", [ 1 ] contains a large number of children's tombs which, according to some interpretations, were sacrificed or ...
In 1901 an important 3rd century BC inscription dedicated to Melqart was found, but the surface was very damaged, currently the longest Punic inscription outside of North Africa. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Many short texts are engraved on small objects: a hemisphere in dolomitic stone, [ 5 ] an amulet, [ 6 ] and two silver plates.
Carthaginian or Punic currency refers to the coins of ancient Carthage, a Phoenician city-state located near present-day Tunis, Tunisia. Between the late fifth century BC and its destruction in 146 BC, Carthage produced a wide range of coinage in gold , electrum , silver , billon , and bronze .
Phoenician Adoration steles; Phoenician arrowheads; Phoenician Harpocrates statues; Phoenician language; Phoenician papyrus letters; Phoenician sanctuary of Kharayeb; Phoenician Sphinx inscription; Phoenician sundial; Phoenician votive inscriptions; Pierides Kition inscriptions; Pococke Kition inscriptions; Pumayyaton and Pnytarion's ...
Pieces also considered to be of Phoenician or Punic origin but with Greek influence include the bronze heads of bulls (probably votive offerings) found in Majorca. A very early Phoenician piece from Galera, Granada depicts a seated female, perhaps the Near Eastern goddess Astarte, flanked by sphinxes.
After the fall of Phoenicia to the Babylonians and then the Persians, Carthage became the most powerful Phoenician city in the Mediterranean and the Carthaginians annexed many of the other Phoenician colonies around the coasts of the western Mediterranean, such as Hadrumetum and Thapsus. They also annexed territory in Sicily, Africa, and Sardinia.