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A randomized, double blind trial published in JAMA in 1994 [5] showed that management for alcohol withdrawal that was guided by the CIWA scale resulted in decreased treatment duration and total use of benzodiazepines. The goal of the CIWA scale is to provide an efficient and objective means of assessing alcohol withdrawal.
Mental health as a risk factor for alcohol dependence or abuse William Hogarth's Gin Lane, 1751. A complex combination of genetic and environmental factors influences the risk of the development of alcoholism. [81] Genes that influence the metabolism of alcohol also influence the risk of alcoholism, as can a family history of alcoholism. [82]
Treatments for alcohol dependence can be separated into two groups, those directed towards severely alcohol-dependent people, and those focused for those at risk of becoming dependent on alcohol. Treatment for alcohol dependence often involves utilizing relapse prevention, support groups, psychotherapy, [13] and setting short-term goals. [14]
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a set of symptoms that can occur following a reduction in or cessation of alcohol use after a period of excessive use. [1] Symptoms typically include anxiety , shakiness , sweating, vomiting, fast heart rate , and a mild fever. [ 1 ]
Alcohol intoxication affects the brain, causing slurred speech, clumsiness, and delayed reflexes. There is an increased risk of developing an alcohol use disorder for teenagers while their brain is still developing. [2] Adolescents who drink have a higher probability of injury including death. [2]
Treatment for alcoholic cardiomyopathy involves lifestyle changes, including complete abstinence from alcohol use, a low sodium diet, and fluid restriction, as well as medications. Medications may include ACE inhibitors , beta blockers , and diuretics which are commonly used in other forms of cardiomyopathy to reduce the strain on the heart.
Acute alcohol poisoning is a medical emergency due to the risk of death from respiratory depression or aspiration of vomit if vomiting occurs while the person is unresponsive. Emergency treatment strives to stabilize and maintain an open airway and sufficient breathing while waiting for the alcohol to metabolize.
The goal of addiction treatment is to reduce dependence, achieve partial [15] or full abstinence and improve the quality of life by a process of personal growth, while making behavioral changes or changes to the personal environment that support sustainable recovery. [16]