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Oncogenomics is a sub-field of genomics that characterizes cancer-associated genes.It focuses on genomic, epigenomic and transcript alterations in cancer. Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of DNA mutations and epigenetic alterations leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation.
Cancer gene therapy was introduced in 1992/93 (Trojan et al. 1993). [167] The treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, the malignant brain tumor whose outcome is always fatal, was done using a vector expressing antisense IGF-I RNA (clinical trial approved by NIH protocol no.1602 24 November 1993, [168] and by the FDA in 1994). This therapy also ...
A cancer syndrome or family cancer syndrome is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predisposes the affected individuals to the development of cancers and may also cause the early onset of these cancers. Although cancer syndromes exhibit an increased risk of cancer, the risk varies. For some of these ...
The finding caused an outcry from cancer experts, who have traditionally held that most cancers were caused by preventable lifestyle and environmental factors or inherited genetic defects.
CAR T-cell therapy is a type of personalized cancer immunotherapy designed to strengthen the patient’s own immune system to better fight cancer. The process begins by extracting T-cells, a type of immune cell, from an individual patient’s blood. The surface of cancer cells contains unique markers called antigens. The patient’s T-cells are ...
In their landmark paper, The Hallmarks of Cancer, [3] Hanahan and Weinberg suggest that cancer can be described by a small number of underlying principles, despite the complexities of the disease. The authors describe how tumor progression proceeds via a process analogous to Darwinian evolution, where each genetic change confers a growth ...
In diseases that are secondary to a genetic mutation that causes the lack of a gene, the gene is added back in. [24] [25] [26] In diseases that are due to the overexpression of a gene, viral genetic engineering may be introduced to turn off the gene. [24] [25] [26] Viral gene therapy may be done in vivo or ex vivo.
A tumor suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. [1] If the cell grows uncontrollably, it will result in cancer. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated, it results in a loss or reduction in its function.