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Kingdom of Dambadeniya: 1220 CE 1345 CE Dambadeniya, Yapahuwa, Polonnaruwa, Kurunagala: Sinhala Sri Lanka: Kingdom of Gampola: 1341 CE 1408 CE Gampola: Sinhala: Kingdom of Kotte: 1412 CE 1597 CE Kotte: Sinhala: Kingdom of Sitawaka: 1521 CE 1594 CE Sitawaka: Sinhala: Kingdom of Kandy: 1469 CE 1815 CE Kandy: Sinhala, Tamil
Buddhism (/ ˈ b ʊ d ɪ z əm / BUUD-ih-zəm, US also / ˈ b uː d-/ BOOD-), [1] [2] [3] also known as Buddha Dharma, is an Indian religion [a] and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE. [7]
Buddhist kingship refers to the beliefs and practices with regard to kings and queens in traditional Buddhist societies, as informed by Buddhist teachings. This is expressed and developed in Pāli and Sanskrit literature , early , later, as well as vernacular, and evidenced in epigraphic findings.
In Chinese Buddhism, all four of the heavenly kings are regarded as four of the Twenty Devas (二十諸天 Èrshí Zhūtiān) or the Twenty-Four Devas (二十四諸天 Èrshísì zhūtiān), a group of Buddhist dharmapalas who manifest to protect the Dharma. [1] Statues of the Four Heavenly Kings.
In the tantric Buddhist literature, each of the five Buddhas have extensive qualities and features, including different directions, colors, mudrā, symbol, aspects, klesha, element; consort and spiritual son, as well as different animal vehicles (elephant, lion, peacock, harpies or garuda, or dragon). [11]
Buddhism also influenced the Japanese religion of Shinto, which incorporated Buddhist elements. [136] During the later Kamakura period (1185–1333), there were six new Buddhist schools founded which competed with the older Nara schools and are known as "New Buddhism" (Shin Bukkyō) or Kamakura Buddhism.
The medieval texts known as the Buddhist tantras introduced more elaborate elements into the Buddhist cosmological system, including astrological elements and new myths such as that of the kingdom of Shambala from the Kalacakra tantra. Despite this expansive view on time, the historical framework of Buddhist myth is in fact quite narrow.
The Four Elements are used in Buddhist texts to both elucidate the concept of suffering and as an object of meditation. The earliest Buddhist texts explain that the four primary material elements are the sensory qualities solidity, fluidity, temperature, and mobility; their characterisation as earth, water, fire, and air, respectively, is ...