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  2. In vitro - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vitro

    A method which could help decrease animal testing is the use of in vitro batteries, where several in vitro assays are compiled to cover multiple endpoints. Within developmental neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity there are hopes for test batteries to become easy screening methods for prioritization for which chemicals to be risk assessed ...

  3. Glossary of biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_biology

    This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...

  4. In vivo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vivo

    This is a laboratory rat with a brain implant, that was used to record in vivo neuronal activity. Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English [1] [2] [3]) are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as opposed to a tissue extract or dead ...

  5. Ex vivo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex_vivo

    The term ex vivo means that the samples to be tested have been extracted from the organism. The term in vitro (lit. "within the glass") means the samples to be tested are obtained from a repository. In the case of cancer cells, a strain that would produce favorable results, then grown to produce a control sample and the number of samples ...

  6. Cell culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_culture

    Tissue culture is an important tool for the study of the biology of cells from multicellular organisms. It provides an in vitro model of the tissue in a well defined environment which can be easily manipulated and analysed. In animal tissue culture, cells may be grown as two-dimensional monolayers (conventional culture) or within fibrous ...

  7. Animal testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing

    The terms animal testing, animal experimentation, animal research, in vivo testing, and vivisection have similar denotations but different connotations.Literally, "vivisection" means "live sectioning" of an animal, and historically referred only to experiments that involved the dissection of live animals.

  8. Tissue culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_culture

    Tissue culture is an important tool for the study of the biology of cells from multicellular organisms. It provides an in vitro model of the tissue in a well defined environment which can be easily manipulated and analysed. In animal tissue culture, cells may be grown as two-dimensional monolayers (conventional culture) or within fibrous ...

  9. 3D cell culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_cell_culture

    A 3D cell culture is an artificially created environment in which biological cells are permitted to grow or interact with their surroundings in all three dimensions. Unlike 2D environments (e.g. a Petri dish), a 3D cell culture allows cells in vitro to grow in all directions, similar to how they would in vivo. [1]