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This is a list of the fundamental frequencies in hertz (cycles per second) of the keys of a modern 88-key standard or 108-key extended piano in twelve-tone equal temperament, with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A 4), tuned to 440 Hz (referred to as A440). [1] [2] Every octave is made of twelve steps called semitones.
Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...
When a musical key or key signature is referred to in a language other than English, that language may use the usual notation used in English (namely the letters A to G, along with translations of the words sharp, flat, major and minor in that language): languages which use the English system include Irish, Welsh, Hindi, Japanese (based on katakana in iroha order), Korean (based on hangul in ...
Key signatures can theoretically be extended through double flats or double sharps and beyond, but this is extremely rare. For example, the key of G ♯ major would have eight sharps, requiring six single sharps and an F double-sharp (F). The key of A ♭ major, with four flats, is enharmonically equivalent and would generally be used instead.
Because these keys receive less wear, they are often made of black colored wood and called the black notes or black keys. Black keys form a pentatonic scale. The entire pattern repeats at the interval of an octave. The arrangement of longer keys for C major with intervening, shorter keys for the intermediate semitones date to the 15th century.
Diagram of treble, alto and bass clefs with identical-sounding musical notes aligned vertically Middle C represented on (from left to right) treble, alto, tenor and bass clefs Three clefs aligned to middle C. A clef (from French: clef 'key') is a musical symbol used to indicate which notes are represented by the lines and spaces on a musical ...
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