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Hypothyroidism is common in pregnancy with an estimated prevalence of 2-3% and 0.3-0.5% for subclinical and overt hypothyroidism respectively. [8] Endemic iodine deficiency accounts for most hypothyroidism in pregnant women worldwide while chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine sufficient parts of the world.
Many women with Hashimoto's disease develop an underactive thyroid. They may have mild or no symptoms at first, but symptoms tend to worsen over time. If a woman is pregnant and has symptoms of Hashimoto's disease, the clinician will do an exam and order one or more tests. [1] [2] [3] The thyroid is a small gland in the front of the neck.
Women with symptoms or a very high TSH level, or both, are usually prescribed a course of levothyroxine. [3] Asymptomatic women with slightly elevated TSH levels who are planning subsequent pregnancies, should consider a course of treatment until completion of the family to avoid possible developmental complications in future children. [3]
Reader's DigestSilent Signs of a Thyroid ProblemKnow the symptoms of an overactive and underactive thyroid before it interferes with your life. Several mysterious symptoms—from weight changes to ...
Subclinical hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia, low birth weight, miscarriage and preterm birth. [50] Propylthiouracil is the preferred treatment of hyperthyroidism (both overt and subclinical) in the first trimester of pregnancy as it is associated with less birth defects than methimazole. [50]
Symptoms are typically less severe in the elderly and during pregnancy. [1] An uncommon but life-threatening complication is thyroid storm in which an event such as an infection results in worsening symptoms such as confusion and a high temperature; this often results in death. [2]
First pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, obesity, prior or family history of hyperemesis gravidarum, trophoblastic disorder: Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms [3] Differential diagnosis: Urinary tract infection, high thyroid levels [4] Treatment: Drinking fluids, bland diet, intravenous fluids [2] Medication: Pyridoxine, metoclopramide [4] Frequency
Low levels of thyroid hormones can lead to symptoms including fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry, flakey skin, loss of hair and inability to concentrate.
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