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Pricing strategies and tactics vary from company to company, and also differ across countries, cultures, industries and over time, with the maturing of industries and markets and changes in wider economic conditions. [2] Pricing strategies determine the price companies set for their products. The price can be set to maximize profitability for ...
Volumetric pricing requires metering that can be expensive to implement, especially in the case of irrigation, alternatives include: [2] [3] [4] flat rate; per-area pricing, coupled with tiered pricing; a system of water rights or quotas; input pricing as a percentage of the cost of certain input(s), e.g., seed;
Cost-based pricing is applied through setting the price of a product or good based on its production and delivery cost with a certain target margin. This method shows an emphasis for cost recovery and profit maximisation which tends to result in lower prices in commodities and/or lower quality of goods.
Gender-based price discrimination is the practice of offering identical or similar services and products to men and women at different prices when the cost of producing the products and services is the same. [52] In the United States, gender-based price discrimination has been a source of debate. [53]
Value-based pricing: (also known as image-based pricing) occurs when the company uses prices to signal market value or associates price with the desired value position in the mind of the buyer. The aim of value-based pricing is to reinforce the overall positioning strategy, e.g., premium pricing posture to pursue or maintain a luxury image.
The method aims to guide businesses on how to best price a product or service. The EVC process enables businesses to capture more value than a traditional cost-plus pricing strategy. Companies can leverage the method to estimate the value a customer derives from purchasing a product or service.
Price optimization utilizes data analysis to predict the behavior of potential buyers to different prices of a product or service. Depending on the type of methodology being implemented, the analysis may leverage survey data (e.g. such as in a conjoint pricing analysis [7]) or raw data (e.g. such as in a behavioral analysis leveraging 'big data' [8] [9]).
A common pitfall of good–better–best is cannibalization, where customers who could afford the "better" option instead opt for the "good" option to save money.. Marketers discourage customers from downgrading by implementing "fence attributes," such as by making "good" hotel rates non-refundable, or by making the least expensive concert tickets general admission, with no assig