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Pre-dementia or early-stage dementia (stages 1, 2, and 3). In this initial phase, a person can still live independently and may not exhibit obvious memory loss or have any difficulty completing ...
Since dementia patients have trouble communicating their needs, this can be frustrating for the nurse. Nurses may have a hard time forming relationships with their dementia patients because of the communication barrier. How the dementia patient feels is based on their social interactions, and they may feel neglected because of this barrier. [35]
It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. [2] [15] The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. [1] As the disease advances, symptoms can include problems with language, disorientation (including easily getting lost), mood swings, loss of motivation, self-neglect, and behavioral issues. [2]
The symptoms of this dementia depend on where in the brain the strokes occurred and whether the blood vessels affected were large or small. [13] Repeated injury can cause progressive dementia over time, while a single injury located in an area critical for cognition such as the hippocampus, or thalamus, can lead to sudden cognitive decline. [75]
Wandering occurs when a person with dementia roams around and becomes lost or confused about their location. It is a common behavior that can cause great risk for the person, and is often the major priority (and concern) for caregivers. It is estimated to be the most common form of disruption from people with dementia within institutions. [1]
Compared to late onset dementia, patients with early onset dementia are more likely to have dementias other than Alzheimer's disease, although Alzheimer's is the most common etiology in either case. [11] In general, early onset dementia has a faster progression and features more extensive neurological damage when compared to late onset dementia.
A gerontological nurse specialist is an advanced practice nurse or nurse practitioner who has graduate education in gerontological nursing. Specific education in gerontological care is important for all nurses, even those who work outside of long-term care, because older adults make up a significant portion of patients across specialties. [ 40 ]
Multi-infarct dementia results from a series of small strokes affecting several brain regions. Stroke-related dementia involving successive small strokes causes a more gradual decline in cognition. [4] Dementia may occur when neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular pathologies are mixed, as in susceptible elderly people (75 years and older).
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