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[1] [2] Understanding the genes involved may help to target medical treatment to individuals with Down syndrome. It is estimated that chromosome 21 contains 200 to 250 genes. [3] Recent research has identified a region of the chromosome that contains the main genes responsible for the pathogenesis of Down syndrome, [4] located proximal to 21q22 ...
Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, [12] also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. [3] It is usually associated with developmental delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability , and characteristic physical features.
When there is an extra chromosome 21, the result is Down syndrome. There are three genetic variations of Down syndrome: Trisomy 21: This occurs when there is a third copy of chromosome 21. This is ...
Trisomy 21 is the cause of approximately 95% of observed Down syndrome, with 88% coming from nondisjunction in the maternal gamete and 8% coming from nondisjunction in the paternal gamete. [4] Mitotic nondisjunction after conception would lead to mosaicism, and is discussed later. Some cases have been reported of people with Down syndrome ...
Trisomy 21, one of the three types of Down syndrome, indicates that an individual has a duplicate of chromosome 21. The extra chromosome changes how one’s brain and body develop, and can lead to ...
The fluid is then tested for chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and trisomy 18, which can result in neonatal or fetal death. Test results can be retrieved within 7–14 days after the test is done. This method is 99.4% accurate at detecting and diagnosing fetal chromosome abnormalities.
In unbalanced forms, Robertsonian translocations cause chromosomal deletions or addition and result in syndromes of multiple malformations, including trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). The most frequent forms of Robertsonian translocations are between chromosomes 13 and 14, 14 and 21, and 14 and 15. [2]
Mattel debuted its first Barbie with Down syndrome, the latest in the toymaker's efforts to create more diverse and inclusive versions of its iconic doll.